Is Internet a neutral space?

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Types of digital gender violence

Types of Aggressors

Digital Rights

Effects of online violence

What can we do?

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Text messaged offered as part of the reports on Belén's mobile phone.


**This case has the power to shape our understanding of gender based online violence and bring to light the lack of access to justice in Paraguay.**

Belén Whittingslow reported Cristian Kriskovich, her professor the Catholic University of Asunción, for sexual harassment through digital means. 

Cristian Kriskovich is not only representative of the University before the Council of the Judiciary (central authority in the designation and appointment of judges and prosecutors [1]), but also serves in the Jury for the Prosecution of Magistrates (authority with power to sanction magistrates and prosecutors [2]).

Belén's case was dismissed and she was forced, under the circumstances, to seek asylum in Uruguay after being prosecuted under false allegations.

*[1] Article 264 of the National Constitution of Paraguay.*

*[2] Article 11 of Law No. 3759/2009.*
    

Belén Whittingslow case

Visualization of court proceedings

This section presents the judicial procedures of the three files that have been mentioned in the previous section. By clicking you can access the documents presented by the defense of Belén as well as the sentences.

File a complaint

Invetigative Report override

Denial of complaint

Imputation of Belén

Confirm dismissal

Accusation against Belén

Demand compensation

Mobile phone report exclusion

Dismisses nullity

Capture warrant against Belén

Case is presented to the IACHR

The IACHR system registers the case in the registration section and notifies the Paraguayan State to present its observations. At this stage, the Commission will analyze whether or not the case is admissible in Court

Chaining action of Belen's Mother against the Judiciary

Unconstitutionality action admissibility by the Supreme Court

Request for transfer and notification of the admissibility of the action of unconstitutionality to the Prosecutor General's Office

The Prosecutor General's Office requests an interruption of the deadline to reply to the unconstitutionality action

Unconstitutional declaration

Visit from Vatican envoy

Censorship of publication on sexist violence on the internet 

Court revokes sentence that censured TEDIC

Find out more about the cases of digital gender violence that TEDIC has accompanied.

Do you want to know more about digital gender violence?

La Violencia Digital es Real

Enterate más sobre los casos de violencia de género digital que TEDIC ha acompañado.

¿Querés saber más sobre la violencia de género digital?

Digital Violence is Real

Women participated in the group sessions and answered the questions.

Gender violence on the Internet in Paraguay

Results of polls carried out at the end of the sessions.

United we are stronger to resist on the Internet!

WHAT IS GENDER VIOLENCE?


The civil society organizations Luchadoras, SocialTIC and APC have identified different forms of gender aggression related to technologies. These aggressions have the capacity to exert psychological and sexual violence and incite physical violence against women and diverse bodies and identities. **([GenderIT, 2018](https://www.genderit.org/resources/13-manifestations-gender-based-violence-using-technology)).**

In order to understand better what threats or situations may occur when inhabiting digital spaces, it is important to identify them. Below are some examples of the most common types of digital attacks:  
  

Unauthorized attacks to gain access to the accounts or devices of others. This may involve the unauthorized collection of information, as well as the blocking or deactivation of the victim's account; or the use of the hacked account to engage in behavior that discredits or discredits the account holder.

Unauthorized account access and control (also known as hacking)

The collection or theft of information may involve a loss of information, as well as its unauthorized modification.

Control and manipulation of information

Disseminating private (or sensitive, controversial) information with the intent to damage reputation.

Dissemination of intimate photos or private information

Investigating and disseminating information that allows the identification of a person without their consent, often with the intention of gaining access or contact with the person for harassment or other harmful purposes.

Doxing

The constant monitoring of a person's online activities, daily life, or information, whether public or private.

Surveillance

Use of spyware (software to spy on and obtain information from other devices) or access to accounts without the user's consent.

Use of spyware

The use of someone's identity without their consent, or the creation and disclosure of false personal data, with the intention of damaging the reputation of a person or organization.

Identity theft/fake profiling

Deleting, sending or manipulating emails or other content without consent.

Deleting, sending or manipulating emails or other content without consent

Creating false, manipulated or out-of-context content, and disseminating it in order to discredit and damage a person or group.

Distortion of images or videos, or other false content

Unauthorized sharing of any type of information, data or private details related to a person.

Defamation and reputational damage through false and offensive online comments

Defamation and reputational damage

Repeated and unsolicited acts against a person or organization that are perceived as intrusive or threatening.

Harassment

Cyber bullying and repeated harassment through messages with an offensive and/or disqualifying tone.

Cyber bullying

Speech that reflects cultural patterns that incite violence, either through comments, insults, or verbal aggression.

Hate speech

Speech and content (verbal or written, in images, etc.) with an aggressive and/or threatening tone. Direct threats of violence of any kind.

Threats

Abusive Comments

Sending and receiving unsolicited sexual materials.

Sending and receiving unsolicited sexual materials

Forcing a person to act according to the will of another person, through threats and intimidation.

Extortion

Consists of workplace harassment of an individual or a group. This behavior occurs both outside and inside digital spaces

Mobbing

These are those carried out in a coordinated manner and by more than one person towards another, a specific publication or a page on the networks. The purpose can be varied: dissemination of personal data to cause harassment and bullying, or even achieve the elimination of the victim's profile, create false identities in order to spread false publications and news.

Coordinated attacks

Use of GPS or other geolocation services to track movements.

Types of digital gender violence

Strategic litigation